What was the percentage change in Spain's public debt as a percentage of GDP between 2015 and 2019? option_A: 2.7% option_B: 3.1% option_C: 1.8% option_D: 2.3% option_E: None of the above explanation: To calculate the percentage change, we first identify the values: Spain 2015 = 93.8% and 2019 = 96.5%. The difference is 96.5 - 93.8 = 2.7. Then we apply the percentage change formula: (2.7 / 93.8) × 100 = 2.88%, approximately 2.7%. Options B and D represent calculation errors, C is an operational error, A is the correct answer, and E is selected if the calculation is confused with another method.